1. Consider the following statements:
   Statement-I
   Article 14 of the Constitution of India guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of laws within the territory of India.
   Statement-II
   Article 14 applies to both citizens and non-citizens.
   Which of the following is correct?
   a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I
   b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct but Statement-II is not the correct explanation
   c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
   d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
   Answer a)

Article 14 ensures equality before law and equal protection of laws.
This right is available to all persons, including foreigners and legal entities.
The article reflects:
Rule of Law
Absence of arbitrary power
Equal legal protection.
Thus, Statement-II explains why Article 14 applies universally.